The metabolic process of alcohol in the human body

    According to relevant research, about 5 minutes after drinking, alcohol is absorbed by the digestive system and enters the blood. It usually reaches its maximum value in about 1 hour and then gradually decreases. The alcohol that enters the blood enters the liver through the blood circulation. The alcohol will be converted into acetaldehyde in the liver, and then converted into acetic acid under the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and finally decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.

     However, the time of alcohol metabolism in the body is related to age, weight, health, liver and kidney function, and alcohol metabolism enzymes determined by genetics, and there are great differences. Generally speaking, the alcohol in our body will be metabolized within 10-20 hours. The metabolism time is directly related to the alcohol concentration ingested. The lower the alcohol concentration, the faster the metabolism.

Alcohol concentration detection method

     The testing principle of the traditional alcohol tester is to use alcohol and potassium dichromate (chemical formula K₂Cr₂O₇) to react chemically. The reactant acidic potassium dichromate solution is orange, and the product chromium sulfate chemical formula Cr2(SO4)3 is green. Therefore, if there is alcohol in the exhaled gas, the acidic potassium dichromate solution will change from orange to green. Traffic police can judge the alcohol content in the exhaled gas based on the change in the color of the solution after the driver exhales.

    Now traffic police use more sophisticated breath alcohol testers. This instrument is equipped with an electrochemical sensor. When alcohol molecules pass through the sensor, they react with the oxygen adsorbed in it and turn into acetaldehyde, thereby releasing electrons and causing the current of the sensor to change. The microprocessor in the instrument can quickly and accurately measure the alcohol content in the exhaled breath based on the current change value of the sensor, and automatically convert it into the alcohol content in the blood, and display its value on the screen of the instrument.

MQ-E2-C2H5OH-13×13

MQ-E2-C2H5OH Electrochemical Alcohol Sensor

    Breath alcohol testing is a common method used by traffic police to determine whether a driver is driving under the influence of alcohol or drunk driving during on-site enforcement. The person being tested needs to take a deep breath and then exhale with moderate force for more than 3 seconds. It has high sensitivity, fast detection, and is easy to carry. It is suitable for on-site law enforcement, but is greatly affected by the operation method. It is generally used as a preliminary screening method for drunk driving detection.

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